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The Old Mataram Kingdom

Mataram was an Indianized kingdom based in Central Java between the 8th and 10th centuries AD and was established by king Sanjaya, he was also known as the founder of Sanjaya dynasty.The early account of Mataram kingdom is mentioned in Canggal inscription, dated 732, discovered in Canggal village, Southwest from the town of Magelang. This inscription was written in pallava letter and in sanskirt, and tell about the erection of a lingga (symbol of Shiva) on the hill in the Kunjarakunja area. This area is located at a noble island called Yawadwipa (Java) which blessed with abundance of rice and gold. This inscription tells that Yawadwipa was reigned by king Sanna, which his long period of reign was marked with wisdom and virtue. After king Sanna died the kingdom fell into disunity.

Confused because lost of ruler and patron, Sanjaya ascend to throne, he was the son of Sannaha (sister of Sanna). He was king that mastered holy scriptures, martial art, and also military prowess. He conquered neighboring area around his kingdom, his wise reign blessed his land with peace and prosperity for all his subjects.
From the time of its founding until 928, the kingdom was ruled by the
Sanjaya Dynasty. The first king of Mataram was Sanjaya, who left inscriptions in stone.The kingdom leaves several temples and monuments. The monumental Hindu temple of Prambanan in the vicinity of Yogyakarta built during Hindu Mataram era, is the fine example of ancient Mataram art and architecture. The grand temple complex was dedicated to Trimurti (Shiva, Brahma, Vishnu), the three highest god in Hindu pantheon. It was the largest Hindu temple ever built in Indonesia, the evidence of immense wealth and cultural achievement of the kingdom.
List of rulers
Sanjaya (732-760)Panangkaran (760-780)
Panungalan (---)
Warak (---)
Garung (---)
Pikatan (838-850)
Kayuwangi (850-898)Balitung (898-910)
Daksa (910-919)
Tulodong (919-924)Wawa (924-929)Mpu Sindok (929-947)Sri Isyana Tunggawijaya (947-985)Dharmawangsa (985-1006)


The kingdom collapsed at the end of Dharmawangsa's reign under military pressure from
Srivijaya. Airlangga, a son of Udayana of Bali and a relative of Dharmawangsa re-established the kingdom (including Bali) under the name of Kahuripan. In 1045 Airlangga abdicated his throne to resume the life of an ascetic, and divided the kingdom between his two sons, Jangala and Kediri and from this point on the kingdom is known as Kediri.
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